Enzymes

Enzymes
Enzymes are currently known to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reactions. Most enzymes are proteins, and a small number of enzymes are catalytically active RNA molecules called ribozymes. The specificity of the enzyme is determined by its unique tertiary structure.

Like all catalysts, enzymes accelerate the rate of chemical reactions by reducing the activation of the reaction. Some enzymes can increase the rate at which a substrate is converted into a product by millions of times. A more extreme example is the whey glycoside-5'-phosphate decarboxylase. The enzyme allows millions of years of chemical reaction to be completed in a few milliseconds without catalyst. Chemically, the enzyme, like all other catalysts, does not change its mass.

The enzyme also does not change the chemical equilibrium, which is the same as other catalysts. Enzymes differ from other catalysts in that they are much more specific. Some molecules can affect the activity of the enzyme. If the enzyme inhibitor can reduce the activity of the enzyme, the enzyme activator can increase the activity of the enzyme. Many drugs and poisons are inhibitors of enzymes. When the appropriate temperature and pH are exceeded, the activity of the enzyme is significantly reduced.

Usage
Enzymes are also widely used in industry and people's daily lives. For example, pharmaceutical companies use specific synthetase enzymes to synthesize antibiotics; the addition of enzymes to detergent powders accelerates the breakdown of proteins, starches or fatty stains attached to clothing; the addition of papain to tender meat powder breaks down proteins into smaller molecules. Make the meat taste smoother and smoother.